Assessment of Stream Integrity in Relation to Neighboring Land Use Coverage
Dong-Kyun KIM, Kwang-Seuk JEONG, Yuno DO, Hyun-Woo KIM, Gea-Jae JOO
Issue: 96, Pages: 1-12, Year: 2015
DOI: 10.5053/ekoloji.2015.16
[Abstract]
Full Text: (PDF)
[References]
ABSTRACT
Landscape morphology of a watershed plays an important role on determination of the ecological health in the stream or river ecosystems. A habitat-riparian index system (HIS) is a newly developed metric to estimate stream naturalness in Korea. In this study, we focus on a predictive assessment of the HIS associated with stream integrity, and then aim to evaluate essential features of the stream integrity in conjunction with ambient land use patterns obtained from geographical information system (GIS). Concerning the stream health assessment, we applied a decision-tree model to the HIS prediction. As a results, the best models of the decision-trees exhibited a 72.2% accuracy in prediction of the stream health index, and also a 65.8% accuracy in classifying river catchments. A hierarchical structure of the decision tree models in effect, was able to identify and classify more influential land use patterns that could reflex stream integrity. We highlight that GIS-involved analyses and approaches accommodates a wide variety of benefits in a rapid assessment of ecological data associated with field measurements. Furthermore, such methodological applications will be able to become an effective alternative for efficient ecological health assessment in streams and rivers.
Keywords: ecological integrity, habitat-riparian index system, land use, decision-tree model, geographical information system
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Mehmet Cuneyt UNVER, Ilker UGULU, Nazmi DURKAN, Suleyman BASLAR, Yunus DOGAN
Issue: 96, Pages: 13-25, Year: 2015
DOI: 10.5053/ekoloji.2015.01
[Abstract]
Full Text: (PDF)
[References]
ABSTRACT
Malva sylvestris is a widely consumed edible-medicinal plant with a natural distribution all around the world. The aim of this study is to determine the concentration levels of heavy metals, such as cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, manganese, nickel, lead, and zinc, in the M. sylvestris samples from different local markets in the province of Izmir, Turkey. The analyses of the heavy metals Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn was realized by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy. At the end of the study, the mean concentrations determined for the unwashed plant samples were as follows: The contents of Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn (μgg-1, dry weight) varied between 0.035 and 0.262, 0.247 and 1.133, 1.611 and 43.27, 7.425 and 568.6, 0.340 and 57.61, 0.090 and 2.563, 0.032 and 1.712, and 5.309 and 75.47, respectively. For the washed plant samples, however, the contents of Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn (μgg-1, dry weight) varied between 0.026 and 0.172, 0.153 and 0.462, 0.247-68.34, 7.407 and 187.5, 0.340 and 49.99, 0.042 and 1.332, 0.005 and 0.502, and 5.314 and 60.37, respectively. The findings show that the heavy metal concentrations of all the heavy metals determined in the washed plant samples were lower.
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Endemic Carabus Species of Turkey: Some Researches with Biogeographic and Ecological Notes (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Carabinae)
Sakine Serap AVGIN, Daniel PRUNIER
Issue: 96, Pages: 26-40, Year: 2015
DOI: 10.5053/ekoloji.2015.19
[Abstract]
Full Text: (PDF)
[References]
ABSTRACT
The endemic species of the genus Carabus occuring in Turkey are presented in this study. The data of the endemic species of Turkish Carabus recorded from our previous data collections, catalogues, and other various papers prepared on Carabinae, up until now were used. As a result, 35 endemic species and subspecies of Carabus in Turkey were recorded. The endemic species list of Turkish Carabus are presented together with distribution information. Additionally, the biotopes, density of species, and general information about whether they are officially under threat as a species is also presented. This information is very important for ecological and biological control, and for other such studies. Moreover, photos of some endemic Carabus are presented to be used in the diagnosis of these species. The aim of this study is to contribute a synthesis of information on the Turkish Carabus endemic species here in Turkey.
Keywords: biotopes, carabus, coleoptera, endemic species
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The Morphology, Ecology, and Conservation Status of the Local Endemic Species Salsola grandis
Inci Bahar CINAR, Gul Nilhan TUG
Issue: 96, Pages: 41-47, Year: 2015
DOI: 10.5053/ekoloji.2015.17
[Abstract]
Full Text: (PDF)
[References]
ABSTRACT
Turkey has a great biodiversity which is threaten by many factors like climate changes, urbanization, overgrazing, and some conservation precautions should be taken. Therefore, the target species should be known in details. The objective of this study is to provide information about ecology, morphology, and the population density of Salsola grandis which is a local endemic species from Nallihan, Ankara. It prefers clayey saline alkaline soils with a semi-arid cold Mediterranean climate. During the field surveys between May 2010 and November 2011, the morphometrical measurements of vegetative and generative organs, and the edaphic characteristics were determined. The total number of individuals of the population was calculated as 436.612 over 48.5 × 10-4 km2. It was determined that the species has a high ratio of death, 55%, during the seedling period which may be the reason of the narrow distribution with the preference of special edaphic characteristics.
Keywords: autoecology, amaranthaceae, halophyte, nallihan, salsola grandis
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Seasonal Distribution of Field-Collected Myxomycete in Koroglubeli Forest, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
Ijlal OCAK
Issue: 96, Pages: 48-56, Year: 2015
DOI: 10.5053/ekoloji.2015.18
[Abstract]
Full Text: (PDF)
[References]
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to examine the seasonal occurrence and distribution of myxomycete under natural conditions in the field during four different seasons in the Köroğlubeli forest of Afyonkarahisar Province, Turkey. Surveys were performed seasonally in the winter, spring, mid-summer, early autumn, and late autumn of 2009. During the four seasons, 33 species from 17 genera were collected, including two new species for Turkey (Fuligo cinerea and Diacheopsis minuta). Also, the Diacheopsis was a new genus recorded for Turkey. Species richness and diversity were higher in spring (17 species, H'=2.66), early autumn (19 species, H'=2.72) and late autumn (17 species, H'=2.62) than those in summer (4 species, H'=1.20). Both spring and late autumn had the highest coefficient of community (CC) values (0.53) and the evenness component of diversity varied between summer and the other seasons. In addition, members of the order Stemonitales were encountered the most during the study. The general patterns of occurrence of myxomycete in the forest ecosystems are also discussed.
Keywords: Distribution, myxomycete, season, Turkey
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The Effects of Neonicotinoids on the Longevity of the Male and Female Populations of Drosophila melanogaster
Handan UYSAL, Sedat UNVER, Halit KIZILET
Issue: 96, Pages: 57-63, Year: 2015
DOI: 10.5053/ekoloji.2015.04
[Abstract]
Full Text: (PDF)
[References]
ABSTRACT
Most of the pesticides applied in various areas around the world and in our country are known to affect non-targeted organisms causing their death. For this reason, a new class of pesticides specific only for the targeted organism that does not harm the others is needed. Neonicotinoids, known as insecticide classes, have been used since 1980 to meet this requirement. In this study, Imidacloprid and Acetamiprid, commonly used neonicotinoids in pest management, were investigated for their chronic effects on the longevity of Drosophila melanogaster. Both insecticides were added to the Standard Drosophila Medium at different doses (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 ppm). The male and female individuals of the wild type D. melanogaster Oregon R were chronically exposed to the insecticides in these application groups. It was determined that the mean lifespan of the female and male D. melanogaster populations decreased with the increasing concentrations of Imidacloprid and Acetamiprid in comparison to the control group. When the maximum and average lifespan values of the control and application groups were compared, the difference was found to be statistically significant with p<0.05.
Keywords: Acetamiprid, Drosophila melanogaster, imidacloprid, longevity
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Influence of Two Different Parent Materials and Plants on Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Mineralization in a Mediterranean Climate
Nacide KIZILDAG, Husniye AKA SAGLIKER, Cengiz DARICI
Issue: 96, Pages: 64-72, Year: 2015
DOI: 10.5053/ekoloji.2015.20
[Abstract]
Full Text: (PDF)
[References]
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study is to investigate C and N mineralization of soils with Ceratonia siliqua (Fabaceae) and Pinus pinea (Pinaceae) growing on two different parent materials derived from conglomerate and marl in the Eastern Mediterranean Region of Turkey. Carbon (C) mineralization was measured with the CO2 respiration method at 28°C over 30 days. The nitrogen (N) mineralization was also measured in vitro both in the soils with the two parent materials of Ceratonia and Pinus under controlled conditions (42 days, 28°C and 80% of field capacity). There were significant differences between the two parent materials for both Ceratonia and Pinus in terms of the carbon mineralization ratio (%) in all sampling periods except for July 2012 for Ceratonia. These results might be clarified with the effects of different parent materials and plants. Interactions between incubation time, incubation time × plant were significant (P= 0.007 and P= 0.001 levels), respectively for the microbial respiration. The contents of NO3-N were higher than those of NH4- N in all soils. With these results it might be explained that environmental factors in both soils for NO3-N are quite suitable for the microbial activities of both Pinus and especially Ceratonia.
Keywords: carbon and nitrogen mineralization, Ceratonia siliqua, conglomerate, marl, Pinus pinea
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