Carbon Mineralization of Acacia cyanophylla Soils under the Different Temperature and Humidity Conditions
Emel Zengin, Hüsniye Aka Sağlıker, Cengiz Darıcı
Issue: 69, Pages: 1-6, Year: 2008
DOI: 10.5053/ekoloji.2008.691
[Abstract]
Full Text: (PDF)
[References]
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to determine how carbon (C) mineralization of acacia (Acacia cyanophylla, Fabaceae) soil are affected by the different temperature (23°C and 28°C) and humidity (80% and 60% of their field capacity) conditions in the laboratory. The acacia soils were collected from Çukurova University campus in the eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey. C mineralization of all soils was determined using CO2 respiration method. The microbial activity increased together with temperature increases. The micro- bial activity in the soils humidified to 80% of field capacity was significantly different from field capacity and 60% of field capacity at both 23°C and 28°C temperatures (p<0.001). The ratios (%) of C mineraliza- tion of 80% of field capacity at 23°C and 28°C were also significantly higher than all of the others (p<0.001). These findings might suggest that 80% of field capacity of acacia soil is better humidity for microbial activity at both 23°C and 28°C temperatures into 30 days.
Keywords: Acacia cyanophylla, carbon mineralization, humidity, microbial activity, temperature
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Çanakkale Çevresinde Toplanan Biyoindikator Organizma Cladonia rangiformis'de Bazı Element Konsantrasyonları
Akın Çayır, Münevver Çoşkun, Mahmut Çoşkun
Issue: 69, Pages: 7-13, Year: 2008
DOI: 10.5053/ekoloji.2008.692
[Abstract]
Full Text: (PDF)
[References]
ABSTRACT
Lichen samples (Cladonia rangiformis) were collected at 10 different sampling sites to determine distribution patterns and concentrations of Al, Ba, Ca, Co, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, and Ti in lichen at the vicinity of Çanakkale. Microwave digestion system was used for mineralization of lichen samples. The concentrations of elements were determined using ICP-OES and the map of spatial distribution of each element's was plotted. Results showed that the distribution patterns of Al, Fe, Ti, Co, and Li were similar in the study area. The highest concentrations of these five elements were determined in Balikesir-Balya region. The distribution of Na, Mg, Ca, and Sr were also similar, and the maximum concentrations of these elements were determined near the sea shore sampling stations.
Keywords: Bioindicator, Çanakkale, Cladonia rangiformis, ICP-OES, lichen
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Bartın-Ardıç Yöresindeki Orman Restorasyonu Uygulamalarının Bazı Toprak Özellikleri Üzerine Etkisi
Halil Barış Özel
Issue: 69, Pages: 14-19, Year: 2008
DOI: 10.5053/ekoloji.2008.693
[Abstract]
Full Text: (PDF)
[References]
ABSTRACT
This study was carried out in a forest restoration zone in Ardýç district within the borders of Bartýn. The aim of this research is to determine the changes in the physical and chemical properties of soil caused by the land preparation applications, which were performed as a requirement of restoration practices. 60 samples of soil were taken from different places in the zone before the land preparation applications were practiced (in 2000) and six years later (in 2006). When compaired the physical and chemical analyses values of these samples, it was determined that the amount of sand, pH, organic elements, azote, phosphorus and potassium decreased; but, the amount of dust and clay increased.
Keywords: Fagus orientalis, forest restoration, site preparation, soil properties
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Kuzeydoğu Akdeniz'de Kızıl Yağmurlar
Türkan Özsoy, Şermin Örnekteki
Issue: 69, Pages: 20-31, Year: 2008
DOI: 10.5053/ekoloji.2008.694
[Abstract]
Full Text: (PDF)
[References]
ABSTRACT
North Eastern Mediterranean is under the influence of sporadic dust transportation from desert sources in North Africa (The Great Sahara) and the Middle East (Arabian Peninsula) particularly during the spring and autumn. Mineral dust originated from these arid regions has characteristic reddish yellow-reddish brown color due to its high iron oxide content. Following atmospheric transport, mineral dust settles by either dry or wet (washout or rainout) deposition mechanisms. Precipitation samples collected at Mersin on the Eastern Mediterranean coast of Turkey during the period of December 2003-December 2004 have been investigated with respect to their red dust contents, Backward air mass trajectories corresponding to the rainy days were analyzed to determine potential source regions of red dust transported to the Northeastern Mediterranean. Approximately, ¼ of the total precipitation samples can be evaluated as "red rain". The mean electrical conductivity and the volume weighted mean Al concentration of red rain was found to be approximately seven times and five times higher than normal rain, respectively; while the dissolution of the calcite in dust has caused an order of magnitude decrease ýn the volume weighted mean hydrogen ion concentration of red rain, by neutralizing (buffering) the acidity of rainwater. Due to dissolution of atmospheric CO2 in rainwater, natural precipitation is slightly acidic (pH 5.6). In this study, the volume weighted mean pH values were calculated to be 6.09 for normal rain and 7.27 for red rain. Using Al concentration of precipitation samples, wet deposition flux of mineral dust during 2004 was found to be 2.13 g m-2 yr-1. If dry deposition flux is added to this value, a total flux of 4.84 g m-2 yr-1 is found for atmospherically transported mineral dust.
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Bartın İli Orman ve Tarım Topraklarının Mikrobiyal Biyokütle Karbon (Cmic) ve Azot (Nmic) İçerikleri
Ömer Kara, İlyas Bolat
Issue: 69, Pages: 32-40, Year: 2008
DOI: 10.5053/ekoloji.2008.695
[Abstract]
Full Text: (PDF)
[References]
ABSTRACT
The soil microbial biomass acts as a source and sinks of the plant nutrients. It is sensitive to the changes in the ecosystem stability. The aim of this study was to investigate the microbial biomass C and N content of topsoil (0-5 cm) under different land uses (forest and agricultural lands) located in the Aðdacý Village, Bartýn. Ten individual soil samples were taken from each site (forest and agricultural lands) in this region. This study also aimed to established relationship between microbial biomass C (Cmic)-N (Nmic) and other physico-chemical characteristics of soil. The average microbial biomass C was found as 1076.01±45.68 µg g-1, 522.01±45.68 µg g-1, respectively for the forest and agricultural soils. As with microbial biomass C, the average microbial biomass N was found as 118.71±10.68 µg g-1, 43.02±3.63 µg g-1, respectively for the forest and agricultural soils. Independent samples t test result showed a significant difference in microbial biomass C and N among the study areas. Microbial biomass C and N were shown to be significantly correlated to the soils physico-chemical properties, such as particle size distribution, organic C, total N, lime content and pH.
Keywords: Chloroform fumigation extraction, microbial biomass carbon (Cmic), microbial biomass nitrogen (Nmic), soil
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Yeni Çevresel Paradigma Ölçeğiyle Çiftçilerin Çevre Tutumunun Belirlenmesi: İzmir İli Torbalı İlçesi Örneği
Cihat Günden, Bülent Miran
Issue: 69, Pages: 41-50, Year: 2008
DOI: 10.5053/ekoloji.2008.696
[Abstract]
Full Text: (PDF)
[References]
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study is to determine the environmental attitudes and sensitivity levels of the farmers in Torbali district by the New Environmental Paradigm. thirteen expressions are provided to the farmers and the their agreement degrees are obtained using likert scale. The environmental attitude of the farmers in the district is calculated as 3,62. The result shows that the farmers consider natural environment moderately. Factor analysis is used for the variables of the new environmental paradigm to determine the environmental attitudes of the farmers in the same groups. Four different groups were elicited regarding the environmental attitudes as "ecological balance", "environment and living things", "natural resources" and "nature". Factor analysis scores were used in the cluster analysis which refers to three different groups. 49,5 of the farmers were named as "sensitive", 21,5% "moderate" and 29% "less sensitive". Two different models were estimated for discerning the effects of the factors on the environmental attitudes. The more the farmers are educated, the more sensitive attitudes they have. Furthermore, the farmers having more land are more sensitive to the environment. Risk lover farmers are less sensitive to the environment.
Keywords: Environmental attitude, new environmental paradigm
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Pre-Service Science Teachers' Understandings of an Environmental Issue: Ozone Layer Depletion
Mehmet Bahar, Hüseyin Bağ, Orçun Bozkurt
Issue: 69, Pages: 51-58, Year: 2008
DOI: 10.5053/ekoloji.2008.697
[Abstract]
Full Text: (PDF)
[References]
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study is to determine pre-service science teachers' misconceptions, knowledge level and the ways of gaining knowledge in relation to ozone layer and ozone layer depletion, which is one of the global environmental problems. In order to get relevant data, the questionnaire comprising 30 items on a five point Likert type scale and seven multiple choice questions were administered to 308 pre-service science teachers. Statistical procedures were performed in order to interpret the data obtained through the questionnaires. The findings revealed that the pre-service science teachers participated in the study have insufficient knowledge as well misconceptions regarding ozone layer depletion. In addition, it was also found out that they had the information about the ozone layer not only through formal education but also through other sources such as media, peers etc. The differences and similarities of the results compared to the other research studies are emphasized and implications of the results for deeper understanding as well as for better teaching are discussed.
Keywords: Environment, misconceptions, ozone layer, pre-service science teacher
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KOBİ'lerde Çevresel Maliyetlerin Sınıflandırılmasına Yönelik bir Öneri: Metal İşleme Sektöründen Bir Uygulama
Ali Çoşkun, Nurhan Karaca
Issue: 69, Pages: 59-65, Year: 2008
DOI: 10.5053/ekoloji.2008.698
[Abstract]
Full Text: (PDF)
[References]
ABSTRACT
In recent years due to integration process to the European Union public awareness of both the citizens and the manufacturing companies in Turkey on environmental issues is growing. Turkish companies initiated using environmental friendly technologies in order to demonstrate their environmental awareness, to satisfy the customers' environmental requests and to fulfill the legal responsibilities. The changes made in the manufacturing systems, material usage and the processes to implement environmental friendly technologies bring additional costs to the companies. In this study we determine the environmental costs that the small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) sacrifice in their manufacturing processes. We classified the environmental costs of SMEs into three categories: "environmental investment costs", "environmental management and operating costs" and "environmental risk management costs". Then we applied this environmental cost classification to a SME in metal processing sector. The results of the study show that additional environmental cost reaches approximately 7 % of the total annual costs of the selected SME in a five year plan.
Keywords: Accounting, cost, environment, management, SME
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Kentlerde Yapısal ve Yeşil Alanlardaki Hava ve Yüzey Sıcaklıklarının İrdelenmesi: Ankara Örneği
Ülkü Duman Yüksel
Issue: 69, Pages: 66-74, Year: 2008
DOI: 10.5053/ekoloji.2008.699
[Abstract]
Full Text: (PDF)
[References]
ABSTRACT
In contemporary metropolitan cities, as a result of lessening green areas and evaporation surfaces, and increasing asphalted surfaces and built areas with materials which have more heat conveying and storing properties meteorological parameters change and cause local and regional climate changes which makes the cities unhealthy places that have their own climatic properties. Although it is known that in Ankara, the temperature is changing as a result of rapid and dense urbanization. With this study, first the surface temperatures utilizing Landsat satelite image at regional scale in Ankara metropolitan area caused by the changes in land use and land coverage is determined. In three case areas (Migros, Bahçelievler and Anýtkabir) having different densities of built up areas and various sizes of green areas determined in the light of the former study, air temperature measurements between 11 July-11 September 2005 has done. At the end of the study it's determined that surface temperature is higher in areas covered with asphalt-concrete, while it's lower in gren areas. Relatedly air temperature is higher in areas covered with asphalt-concrete, while it's lower in gren areas. The simultaneous air temperature difference in conifer and decidious tree groups, and concrete covered surfaces may rise up to 15°C
Keywords: Air temperature, Ankara, green areas, Landsat, remote sensing, surface temperature
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Sivas Kent Merkezindeki Çevresel Gürültü Kirliliğinin Araştırılması
Fuat Özyonar, İbrahim Peker
Issue: 69, Pages: 75-80, Year: 2008
DOI: 10.5053/ekoloji.2008.6910
[Abstract]
Full Text: (PDF)
[References]
ABSTRACT
This study presents the results of a research conducted on the environmental noise pollution in the Sivas city centre. In this respect, points at 20 different areas were selected for noise measurement at the Sivas city centre and in order to determine the noise levels of these areas, measurements were taken at 5 hour intervals over a period of one year, between 08:00 in the morning and 24:00 at night. The results of the measurements were used to calculate at LAeq (dBA) and furthermore the results of the measurements were shown to change on seasonal. According to the results, noise levels at the measurement points were aboveby 100% and more than the recommended limits of 65 dBA (Regulation on the Assessment and Management of Environmental Noise) and 55 dBA (WHO), respectively. These show that the levels of environmental noise pollution in the Sivas province city centre is extremely significant.
Keywords: Noise, environmental noise, noise pollution, Sivas
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